Directly read/write the BIOS chip to zero out the password byte or flash a clean BIOS.
: When the lock icon appears, enter your firmware password. remove efi passcode lock
Older laptops (pre-2015) had hash-based master passwords. Directly read/write the BIOS chip to zero out
Attach SOIC-8 clip (ensure pin 1 orientation). Using flashrom (Linux) or NeoProgrammer (Windows): remove efi passcode lock
For Macs that are not Apple Silicon or T2-enabled but are too new for the RAM trick, you can sometimes use a "Firmware Password Utility" found on an older OS X recovery disk. The Process:
Find the specific BIOS/EFI chip on your logic board. Choose your path: