Analyze > Compare Means > Paired-Samples T Test .
This is where the magic happens. Choose the test based on your variable types. spss masterclass
Use Transform > Recode into Different Variables instead of altering original data. Always keep a raw copy. Analyze > Compare Means > Paired-Samples T Test
Professional analysts spend 70% of their time here. "Garbage in, garbage out." Use Transform > Recode into Different Variables instead
Accurate analysis depends entirely on correct variable definition. Mistated properties lead to broken models or incorrect output. Best Practice Example Unique variable identifier Use short names without spaces (e.g., Age_Group ). Type Defines data format Use Numeric for numbers, String for text words. Labels Descriptive name for outputs Write full questions (e.g., "What is your current age?"). Values Assigns text to numeric codes Set 1 = Male , 2 = Female , 3 = Non-binary . Missing Defines user-missing values Assign 999 for skipped or unreturned answers. Measure Dictates mathematical properties
SPSS doesn’t require you to be a statistician or a programmer. It requires you to be curious, methodical, and willing to practice.
SPSS doesn’t have ggplot2, but it gets the job done: