However, based on your request to "create a paper," I have interpreted your prompt in two ways. Please choose the one that fits your needs:

: This is the most versatile tool for opening fragmented media. You can try dragging the file directly into VLC .

cat init.mp4 segment_1.m4s segment_2.m4s > output.mp4

If you have an .m4s file on your computer (likely downloaded from a website cache) and you want to view it, you cannot simply double-click it.

: Occasionally, if the segment contains the necessary headers, simply renaming the file extension to .mp4 may allow standard players to recognize it.

You’ll see one moov (from init) followed by multiple moof+mdat pairs.