Mizusawa Racecourse - [hot]

: This paper analyzes how "leader firms" (major operators) influence "follower firms" (smaller operators like local racecourses).

No English signage, no racecaller in English, betting slips are paper-only (no PASMO/Suica like JRA). mizusawa racecourse

: It notes that the Japanese horse racing market is highly influenced by a small number of dominant operators compared to other gambling markets like Keirin. : This paper analyzes how "leader firms" (major

Mizusawa hosts several major regional dirt races throughout the year. Notable graded and featured events include: no racecaller in English