India's External Relations Class 12 Notes Jun 2026

Economic liberalization led to closer ties with the United States.

A 20-year treaty of peace and cooperation signed before the Bangladesh war. NEFA: North-East Frontier Agency (now Arunachal Pradesh). india's external relations class 12 notes

China launched a swift attack on both fronts. India suffered a military setback, leading to a shift in Indian foreign policy toward military modernization. 3. Wars and Peace with Pakistan Economic liberalization led to closer ties with the

India maintains a "Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership" with Russia, especially in defense and energy. Key Terms for Revision Panchsheel: 5 principles of peace (1954). Bandung Conference (1955): Precursor to NAM. india's external relations class 12 notes

The relationship with Pakistan has been defined by the legacy of Partition and the Kashmir dispute.

India’s External Relations: Class 12 Political Science Notes