The high altitude of the Tibetan Plateau heats the air above it more than the air at the same altitude over the ocean. This creates a massive "heat engine" that strengthens the upper-level anticyclone, locking the monsoon winds in place.
Sustains "Kharif" crops like rice, cotton, and soybean. A delay can lead to food inflation and rural distress. southwest monsoon
Moreover, the increased frequency of cyclones in the Arabian Sea (due to warming sea surface temperatures) can disrupt the monsoon flow, pulling moisture away from the land. The high altitude of the Tibetan Plateau heats
While "southwest monsoon" is the general term, it affects different countries in unique ways: India and South Asia southwest monsoon