Flash memory (NAND) has a finite number of write cycles. To prevent specific cells from wearing out, flash drives use "wear leveling" algorithms controlled by the drive's internal controller. When you send a Low Level Format command to a USB stick, the controller intercepts it.
from the list – be extremely careful :
If you bought a cheap "2TB USB drive" from an unknown online seller, plugged it in, and it refuses to hold data, you might try low-level formatting to fix it. If the tool shows the drive reverting to a much smaller capacity (e.g., 32GB), you have been scammed.